In this paper, we study the parallelization of the dedispersion algorithm on many-core accelerators, including GPUs from AMD and NVIDIA, and the Intel Xeon Phi. An important contribution is the computational analysis of the algorithm, from which we conclude that dedispersion is inherently memory-bound in any realistic scenario, in contrast to earlier reports. We also provide empirical proof that, even in unrealistic scenarios, hardware limitations keep the arithmetic intensity low, thus limiting performance. We exploit auto-tuning to adapt the algorithm, not only to different accelerators, but also to different observations, and even telescopes. Our experiments show how the algorithm is tuned automatically for different scenarios and how it exploits and highlights the underlying specificities of the hardware: in some observations, the tuner automatically optimizes device occupancy, while in others it optimizes memory bandwidth. We quantitatively analyze the problem space, and by comparing the results of optimal auto-tuned versions against the best performing fixed codes, we show the impact that auto-tuning has on performance, and conclude that it is statistically relevant.
↧